Heating apparatus



Dec. 4 1923. 1,476,165

A. M. MERTZANOFF HEATING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 18 1917 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 I4 24 i [4 F 2/ '25 I W 25 I. I H "H 1 26 '7 i ag l Dec. 4 1923. 1,476,165

A. M. MERTZANOFF HEAT ING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 18 1917 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ghwmtoz l @H'ozmu A. M. MERTZANQFF HEATING APPARATUS File d Oct. 18 1917 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Dec. 4, 1923. 1,476,165

r I I'IIIIII'IIIII'IIIIIIIIIIIIII)" I Quad-MAM ANDRE M. M". @351: TZAN OFF, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN RADIATOR COMPANY, OE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

HEATING APPARATUS.

Application filed October 18, 1917. Serial 1%. 197,239.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDRI J M. MERT- ZANOFF, a subject of the King of Greece, residing at Buflalo, Erie County, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to improvements in 1 heating apparatus, and the same has for its object, more particularly, to provide a combined boiler and radiator which is I, adapted to heat directly the room or chamber in which said apparatus is located, and also to heat indirectly other rooms or chambers proximately or remotelysituated with reference to the room or chamber in which said combined boiler and radiator is located.

Further said invention has for its object 2 to provide a combined boiler and radiator which is so constructed and proportioned that the outer surface of said apparatus will serve to heat the room or chamber within which said apparatus is disposed, while the inner surface of said apparatus will serve as aheat absorber to produce the heating mediumserving to heat the rooms or chambers other than the one in which said combined boiler and radiator is disposed.

Further said invention has for its object to rovide a combined boiler and radiator wh1ch is so constructed that its outer surface may be increased or diminished to suit the capacity of the room or chamberin which the same is located, and its inner surface *may be correspondingly enlarged or reduced to suit the capacit of the secondaryvheating apparatus locate in the other rooms or chambers.

Further said invention has for its object to provide a heating apparatus of the character above specified in which the outer or heat-emitting surface is substantially double its inner or heat-absorbing surface.

Further said invention has for its object to rovide a combined boiler and radiator whlch shall be neat, compact and efficient, and .in general resemble. an ordinary radiator. 1 i

Other objects willinpart be obvious in partfbe pointed out hereinafter.

To the attainment of'the aforesaid objects andfendsmy invention consists in the novel details of'construction, and in the combination, connection and arrangement of parts and I hereinafter more fully described and thenpointed out in the claims.

In designing and manufacturing boilers for use in connection with house heating systems it is always sought to make the heat absorbing surfaces, i. e., the interior surfaces of the boiler exposed to the fire, as large as possible, and the heat radiating surfaces, i. e., the exterior or exposed surfaces of the boiler, as small as possible. That is to say, the object is to prevent as far as possible all heat loss due to radiation, and in order more effectually to accomplish this result boilers are frequently jacketed or enveloped with a heat lagging substance or material, as boilers are usually located in cellars or boiler rooms which are not required to be heated.

In boilers, as generally manufactured, roughly speaking, the area of the interior or heat-absorbing surface is usually double that of the exterior or radiating surface of the boiler.

,My present invention'has for its object to provide a boiler more particularly adapted for use in small buildings, such as bungalows, which are not provided with cellars, and in apartments wherein the several rooms are all upon one floor or level. My invention has also, as one of its principal objects, to provide a boiler in which the area of its exterior or radiating surface is, roughly speaking, double that of its interior or heat absorbing surface in order that said boiler shall act as a heat emitting apparatus serving to directly heat the room or chamber 90 in which the same is located.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification wherein like numerals of reference indicate like parts,

Figure 1 is a front elevation showing one form of combined boiler and radiator con-' structed according to, and embod i my said invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation; Fig. 3 is a rear elevation; Fig. 4 is a detail face View showing the construction of one of the intermediate sections of my combin d boiler and radiator;

Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 6 is a similar View taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings 10 designates the apparatus as. a whole comprising front and back sections 11, 12, respectively, which -110 13 raveaee are provided at their lower ends with supporting legs 13, 13.. 14, 14, denote intermediate sections which correspond in exterior outline with the front and back sections 11, 12.

The front section 11 comprises a water compartment having parallel front and rear walls and having convex peripheral walls in order to increase the outer or radiating surface thereof. Openings are provided in the front section to afford access to the in- .terior of the combinedboiler and radiator and these openings are normally closed by hinged doors which are supported upon plates secured to the front wall of the section; As shown there are four doors 15, 16, 17 and 18. The door 15 registers with the flue at the top of the apparatus here inafter described, and serves to permit the cleaning thereof. The door 16 registers with the fuel charging opening in the front section 11 and communicates with chamber. The door 17 covers the slicing or poking opening and may, if desired, be provided with transparent windows 19 to permit the fire to be seen when the door is closed. The door 18 is theash pit door and is provided with the usual sliding damper 20 to regulate the draft.

The back section 12 is similar in construction to the front section but is provided with one opening only which is positioned at the top thereof and registers with the fine.' A casting 21. secured to the back section in registry with the flue opening is provided with means for attachment to the smoke pipe and with a suitable damper 22 to control the draft.

Each intermediate section is provided with a water compartment comprising vertical hollow members 23, with convex peripheral surfaces extending throughout the height of the section, communicating with one another by transverse hollow members 24, 25 and 26; the transverse'members 24 and 26 being positioned at the top and bottom of the section respectively and the transverse member 25 being disposed below the upper transverse member 24 a distance sufficient to form a main flue 27 when the sections are assembled. The upper portions of the vertical hollow members 23 extend inwardly beyond the lower portions thereof and are provided with laterally extending fins 28, which, when the sections are assembled, abut the fins of adjacent sections to form vertical flues 29 communicating at their lower ends with the combustion chamber 30 and at their upper ends with the flue 27.

Communication between the water compartments of the several sections is established by means of openings 31 and 32 at the top and bottom thereof which receive nipples 33.

the fuel diate the combustion chamber and ash pit,

and is adapted to be actuated by a suitable crank 35 in the usual manner.

Y Below the grate 34 the intermediate sections are provided with downwardly and inwardly inclined fins 36 in order to direct the ashes away from the sides of the ash P To heat a room other than the one in which the apparatus 10 is located, the heated fluid is led from the apparatus by a pipe 37 to a radiator in such other room from which it is returned to the apparatus by a pipe 38 communicating with the back section 12 at the bottom thereof.

By reason of the fact that the water compartments extend throughout the sides, top and bottom of the apparatus and are provided .with convex peripheral or radiating surfaces, and by reason of the fact that the supporting legs 13 insure that the bottom portions of the water compartments will be spaced from the floor of the room in which the apparatus ispositioned, an outer or heat radiating surface is provided which is materially greater than the inner or heat absorbing surface. In actual practice the parts are preferably so proportioned that the total area of the outer or heat emitting surfaces of the apparatus shall be substantially double that of the area of the interior or heat absorbing surfaces.

In the specification and in the claims the applicant, in referring to the ratio which the external or heat emitting surface bears to the interior or heat absorbing surface, has used the terms roughly speaking double substantially double, and materially greater to indicate the ratio which said surfaces bear to one another. l'Vhere the said terms are used the same are in-.

tended to include constructions in which, for example, the ratio for an apparatus comprising four sections is not materially in excess of 2.17 for an apparatus comprising,

for example, eight sections is not materially less than 1.68, and for the other sizes -is correspondingly proportionate.

wall portions of said sections constituting the heat emitting surfaces whose total area is substantially double that of the interior wall portions which constitute the heat absorbing surfaces, substantially as specified. E2. An apparatus of the character described comprising end and intermediate sections enclosing a fire pot, a combustion chamber, and a main flue positioned above said combustion chamber; each of said intermediate sections including a continuous, peripheral water compartment having inwardly projecting portions extending downwardly from the upper end of said combustion chamber and terminating intermediate the upper and lower ends thereof, said portions forming passages to conduct the products of combustion from. said combustion chamber to said main flue, substantially as specified.

3. An apparatus of the character described comprising end and intermediate sections enclosing a fire pot, a combustion chamber, and a main flue positioned above said combustion chamber; each of said intermediate sections including a continuous, peripheral water compartment havin inwardly extending portions extending ownwardly from the upper end of said combustion chamber and terminating intermediate the upper and lower ends thereof, said portions forming passages to conduct the products of combustion from said combustion chamber to said main flue; theouter exposed wall portions of said sections constituting the heat emitting surfaces whose total area is substantially double that of the interior wall portions which constitute the heat absorbing surfaces, substantially as specified.

4. An apparatus of the character described comprising end and intermediate sections enclosing a fuel receptacle, a combustion chamber and a main flue; each of said intermediate sections including a continuous peripheral water compartment having inwardly-extending lateral water members adjacent to its upper portion forming the side walls of said combustion chamberand forming a plurality of passages therebetween to conduct the products of combustion from said combustion chamber to said main flue,

substantially as specified.

5. An apparatus of the character described comprising end and intermediate sections encloslng a fuel receptacle, a combustion chamber and a main flue; each of said intermediate sections including a continuous peripheral water compartment having a plurality of parallel lateral water members adjacent to its upper portion forming the side walls of said combustion chamber and forminga plurality of passages therebetween to conduct the products of combustion from said combustion chamber to said main flue, substantially as specified.

6. An apparatus of the character described comprising end and intermediate sections enclosing a fuel receptacle, a combustion' chamber and a main flue; each of said intermediate sections including a continuous peripheral water compartment having a plurality of parallel water members extending inwardly from the opposite sides of the apparatusabove said fuel receptacle and forming therebetween passages to conduct the products of combustion from said combus tion chamber to said main flue, substantially as specified.

7. An apparatus of the character described comprising end and intermediate sections enclosin a fuel receptacle and a combustion cham er; said intermediate sections having registering openings therein forming a main flue, and each of said intermediate sections including a continuous peripheral water compartment having a plurality of separated inwardly extending water members intermediate said fuel receptacle and said main flue; the spaces intermediate said inwardly extending water members forming passages for conducting the products of combustion from said combustion chamber to said main flue, substantially as specified.

8. An apparatus of the character described comprising end and intermediate sections; said intermediate sections each including a continuous, peripheral water compartment and said sections enclosing an ash pit, a fire pot, a combustion chamber having a reduced upper portion, a main flue positioned above said combustion chamber, and hollow water sections extending inwardly from the sides of said peripheral -water compartment serving to form the reduced upper portion of said combustion chamber and forming passages therebetween for conducting the products of combustion to said main flue; the outer exposed wall portions of said sections constitutin the heat emitting surfaces whose total area is substantially double that of the interior wall portions which constitute the heat absorbing surfaces, substantially as specified.

9. An apparatus of the character described comprising end and intermediate sections, said intermediate sections each including a continuous, peripheral water compartment, said sections enclosing an ash pit, a fire pot, a combustion chamber above said fire pot, having a reduced upper portion, flues extendin from said fire pot inwardly between the si e walls of said combustion chamber and the outer walls of said apparatus and coextensive in height with the height of the reduced upper portion of said combustion chamber, and a flue communicating with said flues and a smoke outlet; the outer exposed wall portions of said sections constituting the heat emitting surfaces whose total area is substantially double that of the interior wall portions which constitute the heat absorbing surfaces, substantially as specified.

10. An apparatus of the character described comprising end. and intermediate sections enclosing an ash pit, a fire pot, and a combustion chamber; each of said intermediate sections including a continuous, peripheral water compartment comprising vertical side members extending throughout the height of said section and transverse members connecting said vertical members at their upper and lower ends, said vertical members being provided with inwardly projecting portions extending throughout a portion of the height of said combustion chamber and terminating intermediate the upper and lower ends thereof, a hollow water member connecting said inwardly projecting portions adjacent to the'r upper ends, the projecting portions of the adjacent sections being spaced from one another to form passages communicating with said combustion chamber to conduct the products therefrom, substantially as specified.

11. An apparatus of the character described comprising end and intermediate sections enclosing an ash-pit, a fire pot and a combustion chamber; each of said intermediate sections including a continuous peripheral water compartment comprising vertical side member and transverse members connecting said vertical side members at the upper and lower ends, inwardly projecting water members extending from said side members above the firepot, hollow water members connecting said inwardly projecting portions and forming intermediate the same and the upper Vertical connecting member a series of openings constituting a main flue, the projecting portions being arranged in spaced relation to each other" to form passages for the products of combustion, substantially as s ecified.

12. An apparatus 0 the character described comprising end and intermediate sections enclosing a fire pot and a combustion chamber; said end and intermediate sections having their entire outer wall portions exposed and-constituting heat emitting surfaces whose total area is substantially double that of their interior wall portions which constitute the heat absorbing surfaces, substantially as specified.

13. An apparatus of the character described comprising end and intermediate sections enclosing a fire pot, a combustion chamber and a main flue; each of said intermediate sections including a continuous peripheral water compartment, and said end and said intermediate sections having their entire outer wall portions exposed and constituting the heat emitting surfaces whose total area is substantially double that of the interior Wall portions which constitute the heat absorbing surfaces of the apparatus, substantially as spec fied.

Signed at the c ty of Buffalo, county of Erie and State of New York, this 29th day of May, one thousand nine hundred and seventeen.

ANDRE M. MERTZANOFF.

Witnesses:

CONRAD A. DIETERIGH, WILLIAM 1P. JoNEs. 

